Determining, dealing with, and accepting a certain level of risk will always be a top priority for the members of any C-Suite.
Eliminating risk is likely not a possibility, especially when it concerns cybersecurity. Simply put, the threat landscape changes so rapidly that fully solving this problem is likely beyond our reach. That means organisations must focus on what they can control and how much they are willing to leave up to chance.
Essentially, they accept a certain level of risk while maintaining the ability to operate their business.
This "risk appetite" will differ depending on the industry, location, partners, company size, etc., but every company must take some time to grow or move forward. Organisations should assess their tolerance for risk on a scale rather than looking at risk vs. no risk, establishing thresholds for comfortable levels of risk within that.
Every business knows it needs to accept some level of risk, but how can they assess that level?
Firstly, the risk level a business faces needs to be established.
The best way to do this is to conduct a formal risk assessment to identify, analyse, and prioritise potential security risks. These steps will include:
Next, an organisation needs to understand its risk tolerance. In other words, what level of risk, based on the type of business it is, what its objectives are, what resources it has available, and what data it holds, can the organisation handle?
Businesses should also consider whether any regulations could have an impact on how much risk they can take.
Once a business has established the risks it's facing and its tolerance for them, it can determine the risk thresholds it can implement and outline its risk appetite within those. This should be informed by a series of strategic conversations amongst key stakeholders that focuses on finding the right balance between taking risks to achieve business goals and avoiding excessive risk that could be detrimental.
Once this is ascertained, businesses should then align on a series of measurements that everyone across the organisation can adhere to, ensuring any risk-taking stays within that parameter.
It's natural for businesses to want to stay risk-averse; however, being overly cautious can leave a business stagnant. As such, it's good to know what measures to take to protect the business whilst also taking on a little risk.
Although not the extensive list, below are some things for businesses to consider to help them feel more comfortable accepting risk.
The adage "you can't protect what you can't see" is a good one to think about when ascertaining your organisation's level of risk and how that fits within the realms of appetite for it.
For a business to truly know how much risk it is assuming, it must know everything about the environment it hopes to protect and the threats that could jeopardise that. Solutions such as network detection and response will certainly help with this. However, continuous testing and reassessing must also be part of the strategy.
Many organisations are guilty of conducting a one-off pen test or vulnerability scan and using that as a basis for all security policies moving forward.
However, as mentioned earlier, the threat landscape is constantly evolving, and, consequently, so is the risk. As such, frequent pen testing should be a non-negotiable, and the way businesses protect their environments should adapt just as frequently.
Once a business knows what's in its environment, controlling the controllable becomes a lot easier. Not everything can be predicted, prepared for, or mitigated in cybersecurity. However, organisations can give themselves half a chance if they have the right plans in place.
When it comes to recovering quickly from a cyberattack, and therefore limiting risk, it's not all in the preparation or detection; the response is also just as important. Having an incident response plan covering any eventuality will mean that it has guidelines to follow if an organisation suffers a cyberattack or data breach.
Although having an incident response plan ready to go can't prevent a cyber-attack or guarantee a data breach won't occur, it will help to contain the incident. It will likely make businesses feel more comfortable when it comes to accepting risk.
Often, rather than having the right solutions in place to help mitigate cyber-attacks, having the right people in the room when hit by a cyber-attack can be more valuable.
Incident response falls to the responsibility of everyone within the organisation, not just the security or IT team. As such, it's vital that incident response plans are written and practiced and run through with staff so they are prepared should an incident occur. This should include clear roles, responsibilities, and processes for managing risk across the business.
People themselves can be a vulnerability when it comes to cybersecurity. Although training alone won't prevent a cyber-attack, it is an extremely important factor impacting an organization's overall risk.
If in doubt, leaning on external experts can really help. Assessing risk appetite doesn't solely depend on data; rather it's a more emotional decision based on how comfortable stakeholders are with taking risks.
Consultants bring an impartial view to the table by identifying blind spots or potential biases, allowing for the client to consider a broader range of perspectives.
Moreover, they also add unique insight from their specialised knowledge and experience, benchmark the organisation's risk appetite against others in the industry, and ensure risk strategies are tailored to the organisation's unique characteristics, industry regulations, and overall business goals.
In the current cybersecurity threat landscape, balancing security with innovation and growth is something businesses will continue to struggle with.
However, at the end of the day, the question businesses ask shouldn't be 'Are we secure?' but rather 'How well are we managing the elements of security that we need to be managing?'
Once this is clear, the journey to establishing risk appetite becomes a lot easier.
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